Among all kinds of metal conductors, silver has the best conductivity, but there is still resistance. At the beginning of the 20th century, scientists found that the resistance of some substances became zero at very low temperatures, such as aluminum below 1.39k (- 271.76 ℃) and lead below 7.20k (- 265.95 ℃). This is the phenomenon of superconductivity. Materials with this property can be made into superconducting materials. Some "high temperature" superconducting materials have been developed, and their resistance can be reduced to zero at about 100k (- 173 ℃).

If the superconducting phenomenon is applied to practice, it will bring great benefits to mankind. If superconducting materials can be used in power generation, transportation and storage, the power consumption caused by resistance can be greatly reduced. If electronic components are made of superconducting materials, there is no resistance and there is no need to consider the problem of heat dissipation. The size of components can be greatly reduced to further realize the miniaturization of electronic equipment.